銀行資金大鬆綁 股房迎活水
2017/11/1
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 23pt; margin-top: 9pt; text-align: justify;"><a name="OLE_LINK1"></a><span style="font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">經濟日報【吳靜君、孫中英】</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 23pt; margin-top: 9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">金管會昨（</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">31</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">）日宣布，自今年</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">12</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">月</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">31</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">日起，放寬銀行的房貸、投資股市業務兩項資本計提標準，國內銀行業將多出</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">1.3</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">兆元的銀彈，可從事房貸業務或投資台股，為房、股市都帶來大利多。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 23pt; margin-top: 9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">據估計，</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">1.3</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">兆元中，有</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">9,000</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">億元可投入股市，</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">4,000</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">億元可投入房市。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 23pt; margin-top: 9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">為打擊房市投機客，金管會自</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">2011</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">年</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">4</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">月</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">20</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">日實施全球最嚴格、針對銀行房貸放款的資本計提規定，將「非自用住宅」風險權數提高到</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">100%</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">，代表銀行「有</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">元資本才能做</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">元的房貸生意」，各大銀行叫苦連天，幾乎年年動員建議官方調降。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 23pt; margin-top: 9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">金管會終於在六年後，決定降回</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">75%</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">，代表銀行「拿</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">0.75</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">元資本，就可做</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">1</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">元的房貸生意」。具體的放寬內容，銀行房貸放款符合「自用住宅」定義者，其風險權數由</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">45%</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">降為</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">35%</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">；「非自用住宅」自</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">100%</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">降為</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">75%</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 23pt; margin-top: 9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">目前銀行承作的「二胎房貸、第二戶房貸」都屬非自用住宅放款</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;"> </span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">，未來銀行辦理房貸業務時，資本計提的壓力可大為減輕，使未來可承作更多的房貸業務。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 23pt; margin-top: 9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">另外，金管會昨天也調降銀行從事「權益證券投資」（股票）的風險權數，其中屬於金融相關事業交易（短期投資者），現行規定若不具公開交易市場（非上市櫃公司）風險權數為</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">400%</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">、具有公開交易市場（上市櫃公司）為</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">300</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">％，未來將一律降低為</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">200%</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">；如果是非金融相關事業（長期投資），也同樣從現行的</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">300%</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">、</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">400%</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">，降低為</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">100%</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 23pt; margin-top: 9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">根據金管會的估算，如果調降房貸風險權數，銀行的資本適足率（</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">BIS</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">）平均提高</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">0.59</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">個百分點；加上「權益證券投資」部份，各銀行的</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">BIS</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">可增加</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">0.01~0.26</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">個百分點。兩項加總，銀行的</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">BIS</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">平均可增加</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">0.68</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">個百分點，有利銀行對外籌資與業務發展。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 23pt; margin-top: 9pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">據金管會估算，調降銀行承作房貸及投資股市的風險權數後，全體銀行將多出</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: Arial, sans-serif;" lang="EN-US">1.3</span><span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: 微軟正黑體, sans-serif;">兆元的房貸業務量及投資台股的金額，為股、房市帶來豐沛資金活水。</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 23pt; margin-top: 9pt; text-align: center;"><img src="https://pgw.udn.com.tw/gw/photo.php?u=https://uc.udn.com.tw/photo/2017/11/01/2/4184225.jpg&x=0&y=0&sw=0&sh=0&sl=W&fw=1050&exp=3600&exp=3600" alt="" /></p>